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<br /> signs.All of these are recommended countermeasures by the US Department of Transportation's Safe Transportation
<br /> for Every Pedestrian (STEP) program and have been shown to reduce pedestrian-related crashes.
<br /> On roadways with significant pedestrian activity where full
<br /> reconstruction is not feasible, Rapid Rectangular Flashing
<br /> Beacons (RRFBs) can be installed at unsignalized crossings to
<br /> iv: enhance pedestrian safety or serve as a supplement to other
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<br /> recommended countermeasures. At signalized intersections
<br /> • _ adding pedestrian signal heads with countdown timers at
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<br /> _l ., signalized intersections can help pedestrians more safely cross
<br /> r- - ., i7 '4 ..4 the intersection. A study3 showed that pedestrian countdown
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<br /> _ -. ' ,_ - timers reduced all crashes by approximately 8% and pedestrian
<br /> �_ crashes by approximately 9%. Curb extensions are traffic calming
<br /> measures which widen the sidewalk for a short distance, often
<br /> ,k _ Y =,a:, ,_ extending into the parking lane at an intersection or
<br /> midblock. The curb extension visually and physically narrows the
<br /> Pedestrian Crossing with Refuge, Rapid Rectangular roadway, creating safer and shorter crossings for pedestrians.
<br /> Reflective Flashing Beacons,and Mid-Block Curb Extension They are particularly helpful in high pedestrian areas. Curb
<br /> extensions encompass several different treatments and
<br /> applications including midblock curb extensions,neckdowns,bus bulbs,chicanes, and conventional curb extensions.
<br /> Some of these curb extension types will be described in more detail in other portions of this memo. Curb extensions
<br /> visually and physically narrow the roadway,creating safer and shorter crossings for pedestrians. Neckdowns are curb
<br /> extensions that allow pedestrians to cross more effectively from large major streets to smaller minor streets. Bus
<br /> bulbs are curb extensions that align the bus stop with the parking lane,allowing buses to stop and board passengers
<br /> without ever leaving the travel lane. Bus bulbs help buses move faster and more reliably by decreasing the amount of
<br /> time lost when merging in and out of traffic. Conventional curb extensions are usually applied at the mouth of an
<br /> intersection and allow for a shorter crossing distance while reducing the overall speed of vehicles. A 37% reduction
<br /> in pedestrians crashes was observed at non-signalized intersections after the installation of curb extensions.
<br /> To increase pedestrian safety away from intersections, the primary recommendation is sidewalk additions and
<br /> maintenance. Areas of the City like the area around EJ Muffley Elementary School lack adequate sidewalks forcing
<br /> pedestrians to either walk in the roadway or on a small, paved space behind the curb that is easily blocked and not
<br /> accessible to all users. This is in line with many public comments about a lack of sidewalk. Sidewalks keep walking
<br /> pedestrians away from the roadway and decrease crashes. Sidewalks are especially relevant around school areas,
<br /> allowing younger students to be able to walk to their school or bus stop much more safely. Examples of areas that
<br /> could be improved are N Summit Avenue leading to Franklin Grove Elementary School, the area around EJ Muffley
<br /> Elementary School,and E Division Street near Robertson Charter School. Bicycle lanes can also increase the safety of
<br /> vulnerable road users, especially when they are raised or separated from vehicular traffic. This can help to keep
<br /> bicycles out of the main portion of the roadway and away from vehicles.The public identified areas where cyclists are
<br /> prevalent, such as E William Street Road, but lack bicycle accommodations. The project team was able to access
<br /> popular running and cycling app, Strava,that measures statistics for users like distance,total workouts, and speeds.
<br /> This data is available for municipalities, planners, and active transportation studies to use in the aid of planning of
<br /> facilities. It is meant as a supplement for public engagement and engineering judgement not as a replacement for
<br /> that since it only represents users who chose to use the app and allow their data to be published. For this safety action
<br /> 3 Srinivasan, R., B. Lan, D. Carter, S. Smith, B. Persaud, K. Signor, and T. Saleem. "Safety Evaluation of Pedestrian Countdown
<br /> Signals - Definitive Results from Two Cities in the United States". Presented at the 98th Annual Meeting of the Transportation
<br /> Research Board,Paper No. 19-05379,Extended abstract only,Washington,D.C. 2019.
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